|
|
TRIP REPORT SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL THAILAND, APRIL 4 – 22, 2004 LED BY UTHAI TREESUCON Six experienced American birders contracted the exceptionally able Thai guide, Uthai Treesucon, for the trip described in this report. He can be reached at utree'at' loxinfo.co.th however, it should be noted that he is often booked well into the future for trips not only in all parts of Thailand but also elsewhere in S.E. Asia. The participants were Louise Augustine (Illinois), Ken Cole (Washington, DC), Peter Ginsburg (California), Travis MacClendon (Florida), Pat Moynahan (Maine) and Patty O’Neill (Massachusetts). The first four participated in a pretrip on March 14 to the mudflats south of Bangkok at Khok Kham, then were part of a separate trip in Viet Nam and returned to Thailand for the trip covered in this report. The pretrip also included birding along the shoreline of the Gulf of Thailand. Key species seen were Spoon-billed Sandpiper, Broad-billed Sandpiper, Nordmann’s Greenshank and Great Knot. The complete species report for the pretrip is included with the species list for the main trip. The trip led by Uthai Treesucon is considered by all participants to be one of the most successful and enjoyable they have undertaken. In the field Uthai works with his own excellent recordings of almost all local species, knows all the key sites and is in constant contact with a network of people who are up to date on local birds. His trip is efficient and well paced, and assures that the participants are in the field at the right time and place to see target species. Accommodations and food, as noted below, are well above average for a birding trip, but resting and eating are clearly secondary at all times to birding. A van and driver were contracted for the southern part of the trip, and then in the Bangkok area the able Mr. Taweep, a longtime associate of Uthai, proved once again he is a driver par excellence. (His immaculate van comes equipped with a four speaker Bose audio system and a video panel for his DVDs.) He also has a second career as slicer of fresh mangos. A total of 453 species were recorded, including nine seen only on the pre-trip. Some 418 species were seen by one or another participant, another 27 were heard by the participants and the rest were seen or heard only by the leader. Taking into account the birds seen on both Uthai’s trip and the pretrip, we recorded two species that are considered Critical, one considered Endangered, eight considered Vulnerable and a resounding 43 of the species seen are considered Near Threatened. An additional ten Near Threatened species were heard, but could not be coaxed into view. Note that the status has been determined using updated information on Birdlife International’s website (www.birdlife.net). The most sought species, of course, was Gurney’s
Pitta (Critical). Both male and
female were well viewed by all participants.
The surprise bird of the trip was an Indian Skimmer, visiting fish ponds
near Petchaburi about 90 km. south of Bangkok.
This was the fourth record for Thailand, and the active Thai birding
community was out in force. They
were truly excited by the Skimmer, but a bit blasé about the Chinese Egret on a
nearby mudflat, and fairly disinterested in the resident Malaysian Plovers on a
local beach. We foreign birders
could barely contain our enthusiasm for this avian bounty. The trip is described below in chronological order. Key birds are mentioned in the text, which will be a bit long since so many important species were seen at the various sites. The attached species list includes all birds seen and the localities at which they were observed. We assembled in Bangkok on April 4 and stayed the
night at the Maruay Garden Hotel, which is about 15 minutes from the airport.
This is a modern, comfortable hotel in a neighborhood with small shops,
restaurants and a nearby internet facility. April 5 - 8. After
an early morning flight to Krabi, we were met by van and driver and with one
birding stop en route were taken to Khao Nor Chuchi (KNC), a forest preserve
less than an hour from Krabi that is reknown for the important species within
its confines. We stayed at the
Morakot Resort, a small facility with only six chalets, an excellent kitchen and
a superb hostess (Mrs. Sa). During the time at KNC we walked numerous trails, including
Trails U, E, D, C, B and P, as well as the trail along the river and another
road along the forest edge. Although we saw many exceptional birds during our
three days, we felt that a stay of up to a week would be productive (and would
still leave some targets unseen). The most sought bird at KNC is Gurney’s
Pitta, and we all enjoyed extended looks at male and female birds, from the
blind that is operated by Mr. Yothin, the well known guide based at KNC. Other species seen at KNC include the following: Buff-necked and Grey-and-buff Woodpeckers, Red-crowned and Red-throated Barbets, Scarlet-rumped Trogon, Rufous-backed and Banded Kingfishers, Banded Pitta, Malaysian Hawk-Cuckoo (Cuculus fugax), a recent split from Hodgson’s Hawk-Cuckoo (now C. nisicolor), Drongo and Chestnut-winged Cuckoos, Germain’s Swiftlet, Schrenk’s Bittern, Javan Frogmouth, Gould’s Frogmouth (heard only, stakeout bird was no longer responding to tape), Blyth’s and Wallace’s Hawk-Eagles (the latter on nest with young), Black-thighed Falconet (also on nest), Banded and Black-and-Yellow Broadbills as well as an astounding Green Broadbill, Black Magpie, Dark-throated Oriole, Green Iora, Rufous-winged Philentoma, and Rufous-crowned, Large Wren, Chestnut-winged, Moustached and Black-capped Babblers. April 9. We made an early morning drive to Krabi, hired a local marsh boat and went into the mangrove swamps. The tide was low so we couldn’t get as far into the swamp as we wished, but in turn were able to enjoy birdlife on sandbars in Krabi’s bay, all this during the morning. Key species seen in the mangroves included Oriental Hobby, Mangrove Pitta, and Blue-eared, Brown-winged and Ruddy Kingfishers. The sandbars produced a nice variety of shorebirds. We then boarded the high-speed ferry to the Phi Phi Islands and arrived there in roughly an hour. (The crossing produced very little bird life). After getting settled at Tonsai Village, a very comfortable lodge about five minutes walk from the ferry landing, we then rode in a high-powered (twin 130 HP outboards) speedboat to nearby islands. While observing the natural beauty of high cliffs, good forests, isolated beaches and superb dive sites, we also took in Pied-Imperial Pigeons, Black-naped Terns, Pacific Reef-Egrets and both Lesser and Christmas Island Frigatebirds. April 10. This was the only day of the trip dedicated exclusively to travel. We took the ferry back to Krabi, got in the van and headed to the rather shabby town (see Lonely Planet’s euphoria about this place) of Sungai Kolok, on the Malaysian border, arriving just after sundown at the Genting Hotel. This is a large hotel that looks a lot better from the outside than from the inside, but is certainly more than adequate for serious birders. Dinner at the hotel was quite good, but digestion was made difficult by poor singers performing 1970’s rock songs on a hyperactive sound system. Readers of world news should know that Southern Thailand is experiencing unrest from part of the local majority Islamic population. Bombs, etc., have been directed at local police stations and other public facilities, but there have been no incidents involving civilians, westerners, tourists, etc. While in Sungai Kolok and on local roads, we took care to be relatively inconspicuous, and were warmly treated by all the local people with whom we had contact. April 11. At dawn (avoiding night-time driving) we
went about 10km from Sungai Kolok to the Pa Pru Peat Swamp Reserve.
This is a unique habitat being protected by an excellently conceived
facility, with extensive boardwalks, bilingual signage and a significant
structure for visitors and researchers. Members
of the Thai Royal Family have spent time here to promote habitat conservation.
Visitors are allowed inside from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m, and at other times can bird
the road in front of the main entrance. (Note, we visited here again briefly the
evening of April 14, and were birding along the road when friendly security
forces assigned two soldiers to look after us.
They were a bit more interested in the birds we were spotting than in
keeping the muzzles of their semi-automatic arms away from our good selves.) The key species seen here during the two visits included
Scarlet-rumped Trogon, Black-bellied Malkoha, White-chested Babbler,
Fluffy-backed Tit-Babbler, Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker, Malaysian Eared
Nightjar and Malaysian Blue Flycatcher. However,
the hoped-for Black Hornbill did not appear. We then proceeded back to Sungai Kolok, loaded the van with
groceries, had lunch at a good local café, and made the 30 minute drive to Hala
Bala Wildlife Sanctuary. We went to
the researcher’s facilities at the Bala section of this immense park, found
very good accommodations available to us, and more important determined that
staff was on hand to prepare meals for us.
(There was some doubt as we were in the middle of the Thai New Year’s
Holiday and it was possible that all staff would be away from the park.).
The meals were fine, plain old Thai home cooking along with a few western
things we brought with us, and we were indeed comfortable within the park. April 11 in the afternoon through April 14 in the morning we were in the Bala Section of Hala Bala. This huge park on the Malaysian border has great forests, and many important bird species (in Thailand this is the place to see Hornbills) and at least while we were there, a dearth of visitors. Several good paved roads course the park, and our birding took place at one area about 7 km from our quarters, again about 15 km out (near a Buddhist sanctuary), and later perhaps 25 km to an old mine road just beyond the village of Tomo. From our quarters, we walked about ten minutes to the beginning of a superb loop trail through excellent moist forest . This trail involved stream crossings, some feeding of leeches, and a balancing act on a log a bit high over a big stream. The following long list of excellent species seen and heard should produce a fair amount of salivating. Needless to say, several more days at Bala and exploration of some of the park’s more distant venues would have produced another great harvest of birds. Great Argus (heard only) (Note: never seen by Uthai at Bala.) Banded, Crimson-winged, Orange-backed, Maroon and Gray-and-buff Woodpeckers. Rhinoceros, Helmeted, Bushy-crested, Wreathed and White-crowned Hornbills. Scarlet-rumped and Diard’s Trogons. Rufous-collared Kingfisher. Red-bearded and Blue-throated Bee-eaters. Rusty-breasted Cuckoo, four malkoha species and Short-toed Coucal. Blue-rumped Parrot and hasty flybys of Blue-crowned Hanging Parrots. Barred Eagle-Owl. Silver-rumped Swift (Needletail), Edible-nest Swiftlet. Raptors included Bat Hawk on nest, Rufous-bellied Eagle,and Blyth’s Hawk-Eagle. There were Black-and-red as well as Black-and-yellow Broadbills, and Lesser Green Leafbird. There were looks at Crested Jay and (Malaysian) Rail-Babbler, as well as good looks at Dark-throated Oriole, Fiery Minivet, and Green Iora. We struggled to get lousy views of a tricky Rufous-chested Flycatcher and saw well some Pale-blue Flycatchers. A Chestnut-naped Forktail was on the stream by the old mine road, as expected. Several Sultan Tits were viewed, and many species of Bulbuls, including these of note: Black-and-White, Scaly-breasted, Spectacled and Finsch’s. Among the Babblers seen were Horsfield’s, Ferruginous, Black-throated and Chestnut-winged. And to end this inventory, we note the sightings of Brown Fulvetta, six sunbird species including Red-throated, five spiderhunters and four flowerpeckers. For all this bounty, we did miss some species we had hoped to see. Neither Garnet nor Giant Pitta responded to tape at areas they have been seen previously. Wrinkled and Plain-pouched Hornbills did not appear, nor did Rufous-tailed Shama , Scarlet Sunbird or Thick-billed Spiderhunter. Good cause for a return trip. April 14 in the p.m. we returned to Pa Pru Peat
Swamp, as recorded above, and then lodged again at the Genting Hotel in charming
Sungai Kolok. April 15. The next morning we made an early start for the several hour drive to the nearest functioning airport at Hat Yai. En route we stopped briefly at the Yaring Mangrove Reserve, another excellent local facility with extensive boardwalks, and had good views of Streak-breasted Woodpecker, Pink-necked Green Pigeon, Mangrove Whistler and Mangrove Blue Flycatcher. We stayed too long working on these species and then had a nerve-wracking drive to the airport, barely making the flight to Bangkok. Once in Bangkok, we sacrificed lunch and internet time, so
that Mr. Taweep could get us post-haste to the Petchaburi area and the reported
Indian Skimmer. The bird had been spotted the previous day and Uthai’s cell
phone was ringing in Bala to give him the news. We briefly checked a wetlands area and noted breeding
Pheasant-tailed and Bronze-winged Jacanas as well as Grey-headed Lapwing.
We then thoroughly enjoyed
the Skimmer, noted the presence of
a Great Cormorant and Little Stint, both Thai rarities, and went to a
nearby beach to view the resident Malaysian Plovers in fading light. Then a very late lunch, some shopping, and final drive to the
Kaeng Krachan Country Club, where we had another meal and got some sleep. April 16, 17, 18 and some of the morning of the 19th
found us at Kaeng Krachan National Park, a location well known to birders that
is about three hours from Bangkok. As
noted we stayed at the Kaeng Krachan Country Club, which is about a one hour
drive to the good birding area within the park. We didn’t see the country club in daylight until the last
morning, what with early breakfasts, late dinners and packed lunches that went
on the trail with us. When we arrived the park had recently opened to the public,
up to Km. 15 of the main road.
Through Uthai, we had permission to hire a four-wheel vehicle and go to
the upper levels of the park (Km.
30). However, all permits to the
upper level were rescinded because of illegal
access by some visitors. The best
we could do was walk as far as Km. 24, which
entailed a 1400 foot rise in elevation on a very steep road.
This enabled us to get some species that otherwise would have been
missed, but not getting all the way to the top cost us as many as 20 additional
species. Most of the species we saw
were between Km. 16 and Km. 18 on
the main road and on the nearby trails into the forest. The final morning we birded the grounds of the country
club, which produced superb views of Rain
Quail, Indochinese Bushlark and Plain-backed Sparrow, among other species. The birds recorded within the National Park as well as
around Park Headquarters included the following: Grey Peacock Pheasant (well seen walking back and forth on an
open slope of a small ravine), Heart-spotted Woodpecker, Orange-breasted Trogon,
Blue-banded, Black-backed, Ruddy and Rufous-collared Kingfishers, Violet Cuckoo,
the vulnerable White-fronted Scops Owl, Brown Hawk-Owl, and Malayan Night Heron.
Hooded Pitta was seen on several occasions and Giant, Blue and Blue-winged
Pittas were heard from close quarters but would not come into view .. except for
a meager fly-by from a pair of Blue-winged Pittas.
We saw well Banded, Silver-breasted and Dusky Broadbills, had many
excellent views of cooperative Crested Jays and saw Green Magpie several times.
A rare female Narcissus Flycatcher was seen at Km. 23 along with nearby
Brown-cheeked Fulvettas. At lower
elevations we also viewed Greater and Lesser Necklaced Laughing-Thrushes, Large
Scimitar Babbler, and Spot-necked Babbler. All in all, a satisfying experience at Kaeng Krachan,
notwithstanding we could not get to the highest areas. April 19. After
the brief time around the Country Club grounds, we checked some low elevation
scrub areas on the way to Petchaburi, and then birded several areas in the
general area of this city. Our
efforts included returning to the beach for better views of Malaysian Plovers,
hiring a local craft to get to tidal mudflats for a look at a visiting Chinese
Egret, and checking wetlands for whatever could be found.
And a lot was found at this variety of habitats, including White-browed
Crake, Baillon’s Crake, Heuglin’s Gull, several terns, Black and Yellow
Bitterns, and Baya and Asian Golden Weavers. The afternoon was dedicated to driving to Khao Yai National Park, and we arrived at the excellent Juldis Resort in time for dinner. April 20 and 21 were spent at several locations
within Khao Yai. The main target
here is the Coral-billed Ground Cuckoo. In
the course of two days, we heard about 12 different birds, several from very
close quarters. All of us are now
well familiar with the wails, groans, grunts, growls and chuckles of this
bird’s vocabulary, but only the trip leader and one participant managed less
than satisfactory views. Our
efforts included getting well away from the road on marginal trails, and
scrambling up and down ravines. We
also had hopes of finding some cooperative pittas, but few were calling and then
usually when we were in pursuit of the elusive CBGC. However, we did see excellent birds including an elegant
pair of Siamese Fireback, who gave a nice performance about 50 feet from the
windows of the van. Views were
enjoyed of Laced and Slaty Woodpeckers. We
were entertained for a while by a noisy troop of Austen’s Brown Hornbill, and
also viewed Great, Oriental-pied and Wreathed Hornbills. Other sightings included Red-headed Trogon, Jerdon’s Baza,
Hill Blue Flycatcher, and White-crested and
Black-throated Laughing-Thrushes. April 22. On
this last day of the trip, we left Khao Yai at an early hour and drove some ways
to Tap Lan National Park, about 100 kms. from the Cambodia border.
The area is low, hot and largely agricultural, and the national park is a
habitat preserve for a dry forest with vegetation that reaches about 30 feet in
height. We had only part of the morning to find target species
and enjoyed outstanding views of a male Chinese Francolin that perched and
called for at least a half hour from an open tree.
We also saw White-bellied Woodpeckers, the special Black-headed
Woodpecker, Rufous-winged Buzzard and Brown Prinias. However, our hopes of finding a rare White-rumped
Falcon or Blossom-headed Parakeet were frustrated. We then made the long drive to Bangkok arriving at the
Maruay Garden Hotel once more. Dinner was enjoyed at a nearby restaurant , our
sincere appreciation for the excellent trip was conveyed again to Uthai and we
then prepared bags for early flights the next day. SUMMARY: A TRIP WELL WORTH REPEATING. Prepared separately from this text is the list of all
species seen and heard during the trip. The main locality(ies) for the sighting
of each species is given, but not necessarily all localities for all species. The column “Status” uses the following symbols with regard to species of special concern: C Critical EN Endangered V Vulnerable NT Near Threatened The column “Seen” uses these symbols: # Well seen by all or most of the participants S Seen by some or few of the participants H Heard only L Seen only by the leader LH Heard only by the leader FO Fly-over (enabling identification)
PR Seen
only on the Pretrip. The column “Pre” refers to the March 14 pretrip involving some of the participants. Sightings were at several localities, including Khok Kham mudflats, a nearby shore area on the Gulf of Thailand and in Bangkok around the Maruay Garden Hotel. The localities at which species were seen or heard are identified by the following symbols: BA Bala section of Hala Bala Wildlife Sanctuary KB Krabi including both the mangrove swamps and bay KK Kaeng Krachan National Park including around the KK Country Club KNC Khao Nor Chuchi Reserve KY Khao Yai National Park PBR Pa Pru Peat Swamp Preserve PE Petchaburi area, including fish ponds, wetlands, beaches, mudflats and Scrub areas on the way to Kaeng Krachan. PP Phi Phi Islands TL Tap Lan National Park YA Yaring Mangrove Reserve Var “Various”, to indicate common species seen at several places This report has been prepared by Ken Cole, Washington DC, and reviewed by the trip participants and Uthai Treesucon. For further information contact the author at kcole20016'at' aol.com . Thai trip list from Notepad. COMMON
NAME
SCIENTIFIC NAME
STATUS
S/H SITE
Chinese
Francolin
Francolinus pintadeanus
#
TL Rain
Quail
Coturnix coromandelica
#
KK Bar-backed
Partridge
Arborophila brunneopectus
H KK Scaly-breasted
Partridge
Arborophila chloropus
H KK Ferruginous
Partridge
Caloperdix oculea
NT
H KK Red
Junglefowl
Gallus gallus
#
KK,KY Silver
Pheasant
Lophura nycthemera
H KY Siamese
Fireback
Lophura diardi
NT
#
KY Grey
Peacock Pheasant
Polyplectron bicalcaratum
#
KK Great
Argus
Argusianus argus
NT
H BA Lesser
Whistling-Duck
Dendrocygna javanica
#
PE Little
Grebe
Tachybaptus ruficollis
#
PE, KY Rufous
Piculet
Sasia
abnormis
L
BA Grey-capped
Woodpecker Dendrocopos
canicapillus
#
KY Fulvous-breasted
Woodp Dendrocopos
macei
#
TL Rufous
Woodpecker
Celeus brachyurus
#
BA White-bellied
Woodpecker Dryocopus
javensis
#
TL Banded
Woodpecker Picus
miniaceus
#
BA Lesser
Yellownape
Picus chlorolophus
H
KK Crimson-winged
Woodp Picus
puniceus
#
BA Greater
Yellownape
Picus flavinucha
#
KK Checker-throated
Woodp Picus mentalis
H BA Streak-breasted
Woodpe
Picus viridanus
# YA,KK Laced
Woodpecker
Picus vittatus
S
KY Black-headed
Woodpecker Picus
erythropygius
#
TL Grey-headed
(faced) Woodp Picus canus
#
KK Orange-backed
Woodp Reinwardtipicus
validus
#
BA Common
Flameback
Dinopium javanense
#
KK Greater
Flameback
Chrysocolaptes lucidus
#
KK,K Bamboo
Woodpecker Gecinulus
viridis
H KNC,B Maroon
Woodpecker
Blythipicus rubiginosus #
BA Bay
Woodpecker
Blythipicus pyrrhotis
H KK Buff-rumped
Woodpecker Meiglyptes
tristis
S
KNC Black-and-Buff
Woodp
Meiglyptes jugularis
S
KY Buff-necked
Woodpecker Meiglyptes
tukki
NT
# KNC Grey-and-buff
Woodpecker Hemicircus
concretus
#
KNC,BA Heart-spotted
Woodpecker Hemicircus
canente
#
KK,KY Great
Slaty Woodpecker
Muelleripicus pulverulentus
#
KY Lineated
Barbet
Megalaima lineata
#
TL Green-eared
Barbet
Megalaima faiostricta
#
KK,KY Gold-whiskered
Barbet
Megalaima chrysopogon
#
KNC,BA Red-crowned
Barbet
Megalaima rafflesii
NT
#
KNC Red-throated
Barbet Megalaima
mystacophano
NT
#
KNC,BA Blue-throated
Barbet
Megalaima asiatica
H KN Moustached
Barbet Megalaima
incognita
#
KY Yellow-crowned
Barbet Megalaima
henricii
NT
H BA Blue-eared
Barbet
Megalaima australis
#
KNC,BA Coppersmith
Barbet Megalaima
haemacephala
S KY Brown
Barbet
Calorhamphus
fuliginosus #
KNC Oriental
Pied Hornbill
Anthracoceros albirostri
#
KK,KY Rhinoceros
Hornbill Buceros
rhinoceros
NT
#
BA Great
Hornbill
Buceros bicornis
NT
#
KK,KY Helmeted
Hornbill
Buceros vigil
NT
#
BA Austen's
Brown Hornbill Anorrhinus t.
austeni
NT
#
KY Bushy-crested
Hornbill Anorrhinus
galeritus
#
BA White-crowned
Hornbi Berenicornis
comatus
NT
S BA Wreathed
Hornbill Aceros
undulatus
#
BA,KK,KY Hoopoe
Upupa epops
#
TL Diard's
Trogon
Harpactes diardii
NT
#
KNC(H), BA Scarlet-rumped
Trogon Harpactes
duvaucelii
NT
#
KNC,BA Orange-breasted
Trogon Harpactes
oreskios
#
KNC(H), K Red-headed
Trogon Harpactes
erythrocephalus
#
KY Indian
Roller
Coracias benghalensis
#
var Dollarbird
Eurystomus orientalis
#
var Common
Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
PR Blue-eared
Kingfisher Alcedo
menintin
#
KNC,KB Blue-banded
Kingfisher Alcedo
euryzona
V
#
KK Black-backed
Kingfisher Ceyx erithacus
#
KNC,KK Rufous-backed
Kingfisher Ceyx rufidorsus
#
KNC Banded
Kingfisher Lacedo
pulchella
#
KNC Brown-winged
Kingfisher Pelargopsis amauroptera
NT
#
KB Stork-billed
Kingfisher Pelargopsis
capensis
#
PPR Ruddy
Kingfisher
Halcyon coromanda
#
KNC,KK White-throated
Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
#
VAR Black-capped
Kingfisher Halcyon pileata
#
KNC,KK,KY Collared
Kingfisher Halcyon
chloris
#
KB,PP,YA Rufous-collared
Kingfish Actenoides concretus
NT
#
BA,KK Red-bearded
Bee-eater Nyctyornis
amictus
#
BA Blue-bearded
Bee-eater Nyctyornis
athertoni
#
KK,KY Green
Bee-eater
Merops orientalis
#
KK,TL Blue-throated
Bee-eater Merops
viridis
#
BA,YA Blue-tailed
Bee-eater
Merops philippinus
#
KNC,YA,PE Chestnut-headed
Bee- Merops
leschenaulti
#
KK,KY,TL Chestnut-winged
Cuckoo Clamator coromandus
#
KNC,KY Large
Hawk-Cuckoo Cuculus
sparverioides
S KY Moustached
Hawk-Cuckoo Cuculus vagans
NT FO/H
BA Malayasian
Hawk-Cuckoo Cuculus fugax
#
KNC,BA Indian
Cuckoo
Cuculus micropterus
s
KNC(H),BA Oriental
Cuckoo
Cuculus saturatus
#
TL Banded
Bay Cucko
Cacomantis sonneratii
LH KNC Plaintive
Cuckoo
Cacomantis merulinus
#
KNC(H),BA Rusty-breasted
Cucko
Cacomantis sepulcrali
#
BA Violet
Cuckoo
Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchu
#
BA,KK Drongo
Cuckoo
Surniculus lugubris
#
KNC,KK Asian
Koel
Eudynamys scolopacea
#
VAR Black-bellied
Malkoha
Phaenicophaeus diardi
NT
#
PPR,BA Green-billed
Malkoha
Phaenicophaeus tristis
#
BA,KK,KY Raffles's
Malkoha
Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus #
KNC,BA Red-billed
Malkoha Phaenicophaeus
javanicus
#
KNC Chestnut-breasted
Malkoha Phaenicophaeus curvirostri
#
BA Coral-billed
Ground-CuckooCarpococcyx renauldi
S/H KY Greater
Coucal
Centropus sinensis
#
VA Short-toed
Coucal
Centropus rectunguis
V
#
BA Vernal
Hanging Parrot
Loriculus vernalis
#
KK,KY Blue-crowned
Hanging Pa Loriculus galgulus
FO BA Red-breasted
Parakeet
Psittacula alexandri
#
KY,TL Blue-rumped
Parrot Psittinus
cyanurus
NT
#
BA Glossy
Swiftlet
Collocalia esculenta
#
BA Germain's
Swiftlet Aerodramus
germani
#
KNC Black-nest
Swiftlet Aerodramus
maximus
? Edible-nest
Swiftlet
Aerodramus fuciphagus
#
BA Silver-rumped
Swift Rhaphidura
leucopygialis
#
BA Silver-backed
Needletail Hirundapus
cochinchinensis
S KNC Brown-backed
Needletail Hirundapus
giganteus
S KNC Asian
Palm Swift
Cypsiurus balasiensis
#
VAR Pacific
Swift
Apus pacificus
#
KK Crested
Treeswift
Hemiprocne coronata
#
TL Grey-rumped
Treeswift Hemiprocne
longipennis
#
KNC,BA,KK Whiskered
Treeswift Hemiprocne
comata
#
KNC,BA White-fronted
Scops Owl Otus
sagittatus
V
#
KK Mountain
Scops Owl Otus
spilocephalus
H KK Collared
Scops Owl Otus
bakkamoena
#
KNC,KK Barred
Eagle Owl
Bubo sumatranus
#
KNC,BA Collared
Owlet
Glaucidium brodiei
#
KK Asian
Barred Owlet Glaucidium
cuculoides
#
KK Brown
Boobook
Ninox scutulata
#
KK Gould's
Frogmouth
Batrachostomus stellatus
NT
H KNC Javan
Frogmouth
Batrachostomus javensis #
KNC,BA(H) Malaysian
Eared Nightjar Eurostopodus
temmickii
#
PPR Large-tailed
Nightjar
Caprimulgus macrurus
#
KK Rock
Pigeon
Columba livia
#
VAR Spotted
Dove
Streptopelia chinensis
#
VAR Red
Collared Dove
Streptopelia tranquebarica #
PE,KK,KY Barred
Cuckoo D
Macropygia unchall
S KY Emerald
Dove
Chalcophaps indica
#
KNC,KK,KY Zebra
Dove
Geopelia striata
#
PE Thick-billed
Pigeon Treron
curvirostra
#
KNC,BA,KY Pink-necked
Green Pigeon Treron vernans
#
YA Jambu
Fruit Dove
Ptilinopus jambu
NT
H KNC Mountain
Imperial Pigeon Ducula badia
#
KY Pied
Imperial Pigeon
Ducula bicolor
#
PP White-breasted
Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus
#
KK Ruddy-breasted
Crake Porzana
fusca
#
PE Baillon's
Crake
Porzana pusilla
S PE Red-legged
Rail Rallina
fasciata
H
KK Slaty-breasted
Rail
Gallirallus
striatus
S PE Common
Moorhen Gallinula
chloropus
#
PE,TL Common
Snipe
Gallinago gallinago
#
KY Black-tailed
Godwit Limosa
limosa
PR Bar-tailed
Godwit
Limosa lapponica
#
KB Whimbrel
Numenius phaeopus
#
KB,PP
Far-eastern
Curlew Numenius
madagascarensis
PR Common
Redshan Tringa
tetanus
#
KB Marsh
Sandpiper
Tringa stagnatilis
#
PE Common
Greenshank Tringa nebularia
#
PE Nordmann's
Greenshank Tringa guttifer
EN
PR
Wood
Sandpiper
Tringa glareola
#
PE Terek
Sandpiper
Xenus cinereus
#
PE Common
Sandpip Actitis
hypoleucos
#
KB,PE Ruddy
Turnstone
Arenaria interpres
#
KB Great
Knot
Calidris tenuirostris
PR
Sanderling
Calidris alba
#
KB,PE Spoon-billed
Sandpiper Calidris
pygmeus
V
PR Little
Stint
Calidris minuta
#
PE Rufous-necked
St
Calidris ruficollis
#
PE Long-toed
Stint
Calidris subminuta
#
PE Curlew
Sandpiper Calidris
ferruginea
PR Broad-billed
Sandpiper Limicola
falcinellus
PR Ruff
Philomachus pugnax
#
PE Pheasant-tailed
Jacana Hydophasianus
chirurgus
#
PE Bronze-winged
Jacana Metopidius
indicus
#
PE Eurasian
Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus
LH PE Black-winged
Stilt Himantopus
himantopus
#
PE Pacific
Golden Plover Pluvialis
fulva
#
PE Grey
Plover
Pluvialis squatarola
#
KB,PE Little
Ringed Plo Charadrius
dubius
#
PE Kentish
Plover
Charadrius alexandrinus
#
PE Malaysian
Plover Charadrius
peronii
NT
#
PE Lesser
Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus
#
KB,PE Greater
Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultia
#
KB,PE Grey-headed
Lapwing Vanellus cinereus
#
PE Red-wattled
Lapwing Vanellus indicus
#
VAR Oriental
Pratincole Glareola
maldivarum
#
KB,PE Indian
Skimmer
Rynchops albicollis
V
#
PE Heuglin's
Gull
Larus heuglini
#
PE Brown-headed
Gull Larus
brunnicephalus
#
PE Gull-billed
Tern
Gelochelidon nilotica
PR Caspian
Tern
Hydroprogne caspia
#
PE Black-naped
Tern Sterna
sumatrana
#
PP Common
Tern
Sterna hirundo
#
PE Little
Tern
Sterna albifrons
#
KB,PE Whiskered
Tern
Chlidonias hybridus
#
PE White-winged
Tern Chlidonias
leucopterus
#
PE Jerdon's
Baza
Aviceda jerdoni
#
KY Oriental
Honey-Buzzard Pernis ptilorhyncus
#
BA Bat
Hawk
Macheiramphus alcinus
#
BA Black-shouldered
Kite Elanus
caeruleus
#
PE,TL Brahminy
Kite
Haliastur indus
#
PP,PE White-bellied
Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster
#
PP Crested
Serpent Eagle Spilornis
cheela
#
VAR Crested
Goshawk Accipiter
trivirgatus
#
KNC Shikra
Accipiter badius
#
TL Japanese
Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis
#
BA,KY Rufous-winged
Buzzard Butastur liventer
#
TL Rufous-bellied
Eagle Hieraaetus
kienerii
#
BA Changeable
Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus cirrhatus
#
TL Mountain
Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus nipalensis
#
KY Blyth's
Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus alboniger
#
KNC,BA Wallace's
Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus
nanus
V
#
KNC Black-thighed
Falconet Microhierax
fringillarius
#
KNC,BA Oriental
Hobby
Falco severus
FO KB Little
Cormorant
Phalacrocorax niger
#
PE,TL Great
Cormorant Phalacrocorax
carbo
#
PE Little
Egret
Egretta garzetta
#
VAR Chinese
Egret
Egretta eulophotes V
#
PE Pacific
Reef-Egret Egretta
sacra
#
PP Grey
Heron
Ardea cinerea
#
PE Purple
Heron
Ardea purpurea
#
PE Great
Egret
Egretta alba
#
KB,PE
Intermediate
Egret Egretta
intermedia
#
KB Cattle
Egret
Bubulcus ibis
#
VAR Chinese
Pond-Her Ardeola
bacchus
#
VAR Javan
Pond-Heron Ardeola
speciosa
#
PE,TL Little
Heron
Butorides
striatus
#
KB,PE Black-crowned
Night-H Nycticorax nycticorax
PR
Malayan Night-Heron
Gorsachius melanolophus
S KK
Yellow Bittern
Ixobrychus sinensis
#
PE
Schrenck's Bittern
Ixobrychus eurhythmus
#
KNC
Cinnamon Bittern
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus S
KNC
Black Bittern
Dupetor flavicollis
#
PE
Asian Openbill
Anastomus oscitans
#
KY
Lesser Frigatebird
Fregata ariel
#
PP
Christmas Is. Frigatebird Fregata
andrewsi
CR
#
PP
Eared Pitta
Pitta phayrei
LH KY
Giant Pitta
Pitta caerulea
NT
H KK
Blue Pitta
Pitta
cyanea
H KK,KY
Banded Pitta
Pitta guajana
S KK
Gurney's Pitta
Pitta gurneyi
C
#
KK
Hooded Pitta
Pitta sordida
#
KK
Blue-winged Pitta Pitta
moluccensis
H KNC,KK
Mangrove Pitta
Pitta megarhyncha
NT
#
KB
Dusky Broadbill
Corydon sumatranus
#
KK
Black-and-red Broadbill Cymbirhynchus
macrorhynchos
#
BA
Banded Broadbill Eurylaimus
javanicus
#
KNC,BA,KK
Black-and-yellow Broadbill Eurylaimus
ochromalus
NT
#
KNC,BA,KK
Silver-breasted Broadbill Serilophus
lunatus
#
KK,K
Green Broadbill
Calyptomena viridis
NT
#
KNC
Golden-bellied Gerygone Gerygone
sulphurea
#
PPR,PE
Asian Fairy Bluebird
Irena puella
#
KNC,BA,KK
Greater Green Leafbird
Chloropsis sonnerati
H KNC,BA
Lesser Green Leafbird
Chloropsis cyanopogon
NT
#
KNC,BA
Blue-winged Leafbird
Chloropsis cochinchinensis
#
KNC,BA,KK Golden-fronted
Leafbird Chloropsis
aurifrons
#
KY
Tiger Shrike
Lanius tigrinus
#
BA
Brown Shrike
Lanius cristatus
#
KNC,PPR,PE
Grey-backed Shrik
Lanius tephronotus
#
KY (Malayasian)
Rail-babbler Eupetes macrocerus
NT
S BA
Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala
grisola
#
YA
Crested Jay
Platylophus galericulatus
NT
#
BA,KK
Black Magpie
Platysmurus leucopterus
NT
#
KNC
Eurasian Jay
Garrulus glandarius
#
TL
Green Magpie
Cissa chinensis
#
KK
Rufous Treepie
Dendrocitta
vagabunda
#
TL
Racket-tailed Treepie
Crypsirina temia
#
KK
Large-billed Crow
Corvus macrorhynchos
#
KB,PPR,KK Ashy
Wood-Swallow Artamus
fuscus
#
KK,KY,TL Dark-throated
Oriole
Oriolus xanthonotus
NT
#
KNC,BA Black-naped
Oriole Oriolus
chinensis
#
KY Black-hooded
Oriole Oriolus
xanthornus
#
TL Large
Cuckooshrike Coracina
macei
#
TL Indochinese
Cuckooshrike Coracina
polioptera
#
TL Black-winged
Cuckooshrike Coracina melaschista
#
KY Lesser
Cuckooshrike Coracina
fimbriata
FO BA Brown-rumped
Minivet
Pericrocotus cantonensis
LH KY Ashy
Minivet
Pericrocotus
divaricatus
LH PPR,KK Small
Minivet
Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
#
TL Fiery
Minivet
Pericrocotus igneus
NT
#
BA Scarlet
Minivet
Pericrocotus flamimeus
#
BA,KK,KY Bar-winged
Flycatc-shrike Hemipus
picatus
#
KNC,BA,KK Black-winged
Flyca-shrike Hemipus
hirundinaceus
S BA White-browed
Fantail
Rhipidura aureola
#
TL Pied
Fantail
Rhipidura javanica
#
KB,PPR Spotted
Fantail
Rhipidura perlata
#
BA Black
Drongo
Dicrurus macrocercus
#
PE,TL Ashy
Drongo
Dicrurus leucophaeus
#
KB,KK,TL Crow-billed
Drongo Dicrurus
annectans
#
KNC,KK Bronzed
Drongo
Dicrurus aeneus
#
KK Hair-crested
Drongo Dicrurus
hottentottus
#
KK Greater
Racket-tail Drongo Dicrurus
paradiseus
#
BA,KK,KY Black-naped
Monarch Hypothymis
azurea
#
KNC,KK,KY Asian
Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone
paradisi
#
KNC,BA,KK Common
Iora
Aegithina tiphia
#
KNC,KK Green
Iora
Aegithina viridissima
NT
#
KNC,BA Great
Iora
Aegithina lafresnayei
#
KNC,BA Rufous-winged
Philentoma Philentoma pyrhopterum
#
KNC,BA Large
Woodshrike
Tephrodornis virgatus
#
KNC,KK Common
Woodshrike Tephrodornis
pondicerianus
#
TL Blue
Rock Thrush
Monticola solitarius
#
PP,KY Blue
Whistling Thrush
Myophonus caeruleus
S PE,KY Fulvous-chested
Flycatcher Rhinomyias olivacea
#
KNC Brown-chested
Flycatcher Rhinomyias
brunneata
V
#
KK Asian
Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa
dauurica
#
KNC,BA,KK Brown-streaked
Flycatcher Muscicapa williamsoni
#
KB Yellow-rumped
Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia
#
KNC,PPR,KK Narcissus
Flycatcher
Ficedula narcissina
S
KK Green-backed
Flycatcher Ficedula
elisae
H KNC Mugimaki
Flycatcher Ficedula
mugimaki
LH KY Taiga
(Red-br) Flycatcher Ficedula
albicill
#
KY,TL Rufous-chested
Flycatcher Ficedula dumetoria
NT
#
BA Verditer
Flycatcher
Eumyias thalassina
#
BA Pale
Blue Flycatcher
Cyornis unicolor
#
BA Hill
Blue Flycatcher
Cyornis banyumas
#
KY Malaysian
Blue Flycatcher Cyornis
turcosa
NT
#
PBR Tickell's
Blue Flycatcher Cyornis
tickelliae
#
KK Mangrove
Blue Flycatcher Cyornis rufigastra
#
YA Grey-headed
Flycatcher Culicicapa
ceylonensis
#
BA,KK Siberian
Blue Robin Luscinia
cyane
#
KNC
Oriental Magpie Robin
Copsychus saularis
#
Var
White-rumped Sham Copsychus
malabaricus
#
Var
Chestnut-naped Forktail
Enicurus ruficapillus
NT
#
BA
Slaty-backed Forktail
Enicurus schistaceus
#
KY
White-crowned Forkta
Enicurus leschenaultia
#
KY
Pied Bushchat
Saxicola caprata
#
TL
Asian Glossy Starling
Aplonis panayensis
#
KB,PE
Hill Myna
Gracula religiosa
#
KY,TL
White-vented Myna Acridotheres
grandis
#
KK,KY
Common Myna
Acridotheres tristis
#
Var
Jungle Myna
Acridotheres fuscus
#
KB
Vinous-breasted Starling
Acridotheres burmannicus
#
KK,TL
Black-collared Starling
Gracupica nigricollis
#
KK,TL
Asian Pied Starling
Gracupica contra
#
PE
Velvet-fronted Nuthatc
Sitta frontalis
#
TL
Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch Sitta
castanea
#
TL
Sultan Tit
Melanochlora sultanea
#
BA,KK,KY
Barn Swallow
Hirundo rustica
#
Var
Pacific Swallow
Hirundo tahitica
#
KB,YA
Red-rumped Swallow
Hirundo daurica
#
KB,KNC
Striated Swallow
Hirundo striolata
#
KB
Asian House Martin
Delichon dasypus
#
PP,KK
Black-and-White Bulbul
Pycnonotus melanoleucos
NT
S BA
Black-headed Bulbul Pycnonotus atriceps
#
KNC,BA
Black-crested Bulbul
Pycnonotus melanicterus
#
Var
Scaly-breasted Bulbul
Pycnonotus squamatus
NT
S BA
Grey-bellied Bulbul
Pycnonotus cyaniventris
#
BA
Red-whiskered Bulbu
Pycnonotus jocosus
#
KY
Sooty-headed Bulbul
Pycnonotus aurigaster
#
KK,TL
Puff-backed Bulbul
Pycnonotus eutilotus
NT
H KNC,BA
Stripe-throated Bulbul
Pycnonotus finlaysoni
#
KNC,BA,KK
Yellow-vented Bulbul
Pycnonotus goiavier
#
KNC,BA
Olive-winged Bulbul
Pycnonotus plumosus
#
KNC,PPR
Streak-eared Bulbul
Pycnonotus blanfordi
#
KNC,PE,KK
Cream-vented Bulbul
Pycnonotus simplex
#
KNC,BA
Red-eyed Bulbul
Pycnonotus brunneus
#
KNC
Spectacled Bulbul
Pycnonotus erythrophthalmos
#
BA
Finsch's Bulbul
Alophoixus finschii
NT
S BA
Puff-throated Bulbul
Alophoixus pallidus
#
KY
Ochraceous Bulbul
Alophoixus ochraceus
#
KNC,KK
Grey-cheeked Bulbul
Alophoixus bres
S KNC,B
Yellow-bellied Bulbul
Alophoixus phaeocephalus
#
KNC,BA
Hairy-backed Bulbul
Tricholestes criniger
#
KNC,BA
Grey-eyed Bulbul
Iole propinquus
#
KY
Buff-vented Bulbul
Iole olivacea
NT
#
KNC,BA,KK
Streaked Bulbul Ixos
malaccensis
NT
#
KNC
Ashy Bulbul
Hemixos flavala
S BA
Zitting Cisticola
Cisticola juncidis
#
KK
Bright-capped Cisticola
Cisticola exilis
#
KY
Brown Prinia
Prinia polychroa
#
TL
Rufescent Prinia
Prinia rufescens
#
KNC,BA
Grey-breasted Prinia
Prinia hodgsonii
#
KK
Yellow-bellied Prinia
Prinia flaviventris
#
PB
Plain Prinia
Prinia inornata
#
KK
Oriental White-eye
Zosterops palpebrosus
S YA
Everett's White-eye
Zosterops everetti
#
BA
Lanceolated Warbler
Locustella lanceolata
H
PE
Oriental Reed Warbler
Acrocephalus orientalis
#
PE
Thick-billed Warbler
Acrocephalus aedon
S KK
Common Tailorbird
Orthotomus sutorius
#
KNC,BA
Dark-necked Tailorbird
Orthotomus atrogularis
#
Var
Rufous-tailed Tailorbird
Orthotomus sericeus
#
KNC,BA
Ashy Tailorbird
Orthotomus ruficeps
#
PPR,YA
Dusky Warbler
Phylloscopus fuscatus
H KK Yellow-browed
Warbler
Phylloscopus inornatus
PR
Arctic Warbler
Phylloscopus borealis
#
KB,BA,YA Two-barred
Green. Warbler Phylloscopus
plumbeitarsus
#
KK Pale-legged
Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus
tenellipes
#
KNC,K Eastern
Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus
coronatus
#
KNC,KK Yellow-bellied
Warbler
Abroscopus superciliaris
#
KK White-crested
Laughingthr Garrulax
leucolophus
#
KY Lesser
Necklaced Laughingth Garrulax monileger
#
KK Greater
Necklaced Laughingt Garrulax pectoralis
S KK Black-throated
Laughingth Garrulax
chinensis
#
KY White-chested
Babbler
Trichastoma rostratum
NT
#
PPR,BA Ferruginous
Babbler Trichastoma
bicolor
#
KNC,BA Abbott's
Babbler
Tricastoma abbotti
#
Var Horsfield's
Babbler
Tricastoma sepiarium
#
BA Short-tailed
Babbler
Trichastoma malaccense
NT
H KNC,BA Puff-throated
Babbler
Pellorneum ruficeps
#
Var Black-capped
Babbler
Pellorneum capistratum
S KNC Moustached
Babbler Malacopteron
magnirostre #
KNC Sooty-capped
Babbler
Malacopteron affine
NT
LH BA Scaly-crowned
Babbler
Malacopteron cinereum
#
KNC,BA Rufous-crowned
Babbler Malacopteron
magnum
NT
#
KNC,BA Large
Scimitar Babbler
Pomatorhinus hypoleucos
#
KK,KY White-browed
Scimitar Bab Pomatorhinus
schisticeps
H KK,KY Chestnut-backed
Scimitar B Pomatorhinus montanus H
BA Large
Wren Babbler
Napothera macrodactyla
NT
#
KNC Streaked
Wren Babbler
Napothera brevicaudata
#
KNC Rufous-fronted
Babbler
Stachyris rufifrons
H KK Grey-throated
Babbler
Stachyris nigriceps
#
BA Grey-headed
Babbler Stachyris
poliocephala
#
BA Spot-necked
Babbler
Stachyris striolata
#
KK Black-throated
Babbler
Stachyris nigricollis
NT
#
BA Chestnut-rumped
Babbler Stachyris
maculata
NT
#
KNC Chestnut-winged
Babbler Stachyris
erythroptera
#
KNC,BA Striped
Tit-Babbler
Macronous gularis
#
Var Fluffy-backed
Tit-Babbler Macronous
ptilosus
NT
#
PPR Chestnut-capped
Babbler Timalia
pileata
LH TL Brown
Fulvetta
Alcippe brunneicauda
NT
#
BA Brown-cheeked
Fulvetta
Alcippe poioicephala
#
KK White-bellied
Yuhina
Yuhina zantholeuca
#
BA,KY Indochinese
Bushlark
Mirafa erythrocephala
#
KK Yellow-breasted
Flowerpeck Prionochilus maculatus
#
KNC,BA Crimson-breasted
Flowerpec Prionochilus percussus
#
PPR Thick-billed
Flowerpecker Dicaeum
agile
#
KNC,KK,KY Yellow-vented
Flowerpecker Dicaeum chrysorrheum #
KNC,KY Orange-bellied
Flowerpecker Dicaeum trigonostigma #
KNC, BA Buff-bellied
Flowerpecker Dicaeum
i.cambodianum
#
KY Scarlet-backed
Flowerpecke Dicaeum
cruentatum
#
KNC,KK,KY Plain
Sunbird
Anthreptes simplex
#
KNC,BA Brown-throated
Sunbird
Anthreptes malacensis
#
KNC,BA,KK Red-throated
Sunbird
Anthreptes rhodolaema
NT
S BA Ruby-cheeked
Sunbird
Anthreptes singalensis
#
KNC,BA,KK Purple-naped
Sunbird
Hypogramma hypogrammicum
#
KNC,BA Purple-throated
Sunbird
Nectarinia sperata
#
KNC Purple
Sunbird
Nectarinia asiatica
#
TL Olive-backed
Sunbird
Nectarinia jugularis
#
KB,KK,KY Black-throated Sunbird Aethopyga saturata # KY Crimson
Sunbird
Aethopyga siparaja
#
PP,KK Little
Spiderhunter
Arachnothera longirostra #
KNC,BA,K Long-billed
Spiderhunter
Arachnothera robusta
#
BA Spectacled
Spiderhunter
Arachnothera flavigaster
#
BA Yellow-eared
Spiderhunter Arachnothera
chrysogenys
#
BA Grey-breasted
Spiderhunter Arachnothera
affinis
#
KNC,BA Plain-backed
Sparrow
Passer flaveolus
#
KK,KY Eurasian
Tree Sparrow
Passer montanus
#
Var Forest
Wagtail
Dendronanthus indicus
#
KNC,KK White
Wagtail
Motacilla
alba
PR Yellow
Wagtail
Motacilla flava macronix
#
KY Paddyfield
Pipit
Anthus rufurus
#
KB,KK,TL Baya
Weaver
Ploceus philippinus
#
PE Asian
Golden Weaver Ploceus
hypoxanthus
NT
#
PE Pin-tailed
Parrotfinch
Erythrura prasina
FO KNC White-rumped
Munia Lonchura
striata
S BA Scaly-breasted
Munia
Lonchura punctulata
#
KK,TL
|